Gingivitis is a common gum disorder that causes red and inflamed gums, or gingiva. Patients with gingivitis may find that their gums bleed when they brush their teeth or that they have developed halitosis, or bad breath. They may also find that their gums are tender to the touch, or notice a reduction in their gums as they recede from the teeth. Although, in the very early stages symptoms can be so mild that they’re not so easily noticeable.
Gingivitis is usually caused by bacterial biofilms accumulating on the surface of the teeth. Bacteria form these films in order to become sticky enough to cling to the smooth surface of the tooth. Known as plaque-induced gingivitis, it can be treated relatively easily in the early stages. Left untreated however, it may progress to other, more serious periodontal diseases, which often leads to tooth loss.
This is because the body, attempting to rid itself of the bacteria, will attack the infection. Once the immune response begins, it can become a vicious cycle because the tissues develop small fissures that harbor more bacteria. The body retaliates by increasing the immune response, which can accidentally destroy gums, teeth and the underlying bone.
Other forms of gingivitis include non-plaque induced gingival inflammation, which is often related to patient sensitivities and allergic reactions to toothpastes, mouthwash, dental restorative materials or certain foods.
Gingivitis and Heart Disease
Many patients are surprised to find out that there is a link between heart attacks, strokes and gum disease. It has been theorized that the bacteria may be washed into the bloodstream, where they can cling to fatty deposits in the blood vessels. This, in turn, may increase the risk for blood clots that can cause a heart attack or stroke. Additionally, the bacteria can cause an infection of the heart known as endocarditis. People with already weakened hearts or heart valves are at a greater risk, although even healthy hearts can become damaged by the onslaught of bacteria.
Overall, gingivitis is treatable and even revisable in the early form of the disease. Patients with gingivitis often find that their symptoms decrease as they improve their overall oral health by practicing good oral hygiene habits, such as regular brushing and flossing and dental cleaning visits.
Even using a good antimicrobial toothpaste and adopting simple habits such as brushing your tongue to remove bacteria, especially before going to bed can vastly improve your overall dental and gum health.
To find out more about gingivitis, or the beautiful smile you have always dreamed about, call (724) 452-4300 or schedule an appointment online today with Dr. Mark A. Marion, selected as one of America’s Best Dentists by the International Association of Dentists. Come see what exceptional dental care can do for you.
